[USER] User mode code execution

kernel/boot/kmain.c

@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@
 #include <process.h>
 #include <cpu.h>
 #include <timer.h>
+#include <string.h>
 
 void thread_function()
 {
+  int i = 0;
   while(1)
   {
-    ;
+    i++;
   }
 }
 
@@ -30,10 +32,18 @@ int kmain(uint64_t multiboot_magic, void *multiboot_data)
   pit_init();
 
   process_t *p1 = process_spawn(0);
-  thread_t *t1 = new_thread(thread_function);
+  uint64_t addr = 0x200000;
-  process_attach(p1, t1);
+  thread_t *th = new_thread((void *)addr, 1);
 
-  scheduler_insert(t1);
+  uintptr_t page = pmm_alloc();
+  // Write thread code to address
+  vmm_set_page(p1->P4, addr, page, PAGE_PRESENT | PAGE_WRITE | PAGE_USER);
+  memcpy(P2V(page), thread_function, PAGE_SIZE);
+  // Map a user stack space
+  vmm_set_page(p1->P4, USERSPACE_TOP-PAGE_SIZE, pmm_alloc(), PAGE_PRESENT | PAGE_WRITE | PAGE_USER);
+
+  process_attach(p1, th);
+  scheduler_insert(th);
 
   asm("sti");
   debug_info("BOOT COMPLETE\n");

kernel/include/int.h

@@ -66,6 +66,14 @@
 #define   INT_APIC_ERROR     0x45
 #define   INT_APIC_SPUR      0xFF
 
+
+#define RFLAGS_IOPL (3<<12)
+#define RFLAGS_IOPL1 (1<<12)
+#define RFLAGS_IOPL2 (2<<12)
+#define RFLAGS_IOPL3 (3<<12)
+#define RFLAGS_INT  (1<<9)
+#define REG_OFFSET_RFLAGS 152
+
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLER__
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <apic.h>
@@ -116,13 +124,13 @@ typedef struct registers_st
   uint64_t r14;
   uint64_t r15;
 
-  uint64_t int_no;
+  uint64_t int_no; //120
-  uint64_t err_code;
+  uint64_t err_code; //128
-  uint64_t rip;
+  uint64_t rip; //136
-  uint64_t cs;
+  uint64_t cs; //144
-  uint64_t rflags;
+  uint64_t rflags; //152
-  uint64_t rsp;
+  uint64_t rsp; //160
-  uint64_t ss;
+  uint64_t ss; //168
 }registers_t;
 
 typedef registers_t *(*int_handler_t)(registers_t *);

kernel/include/mem.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#define USERSPACE_TOP 0x0000800000000000
 #define KERNEL_OFFSET 0xFFFFFF8000000000
 #define KERNEL_HEAP_S 0xFFFFFFC000000000
 

kernel/include/thread.h

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ typedef struct thread_stack_st
 #define get_current_thread() (get_cpu()->current_thread)
 #define set_current_thread(new) (get_cpu()->current_thread = (new))
 
-thread_t *new_thread(void (*func)(void));
+thread_t *new_thread(void (*func)(void), int user);
 void switch_thread(thread_t *old, thread_t *new);
 void free_thread(thread_t *th);
 

kernel/interrupts/isr_common.S

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <int.h>
 .intel_syntax noprefix
 
 .extern int_handler
@@ -21,13 +22,33 @@ isr_common:
   push rcx
   push rbx
   push rax
+
+  # Clear RFLAGS
+  pushq 0
+  popf
+
+  # Check stored RFLAGS to see if we came here from user mode
+  mov rax, [rsp + REG_OFFSET_RFLAGS]
+  and rax, RFLAGS_IOPL
+  jz .kernel_mode
+  swapgs
+
+.kernel_mode:
   mov rdi, rsp
   call int_handler
   mov rdi, rax
 
 isr_return:
-  // Return and restore stack
   mov rsp, rdi
+
+  # Check stored RFLAGS to see if we are going into user mode
+  mov rax, [rsp + REG_OFFSET_RFLAGS]
+  and rax, RFLAGS_IOPL
+  jz .kernel_return
+  swapgs
+
+.kernel_return:
+  // Return and restore stack
   pop rax
   pop rbx
   pop rcx

kernel/proc/scheduler.c

@@ -105,5 +105,5 @@ void scheduler_init()
     LIST_HEAD_INIT(ready_queue);
     scheduler_started = 1;
   }
-  get_cpu()->scheduler = new_thread(scheduler);
+  get_cpu()->scheduler = new_thread(scheduler, 0);
 }

kernel/proc/thread.c

@@ -8,21 +8,30 @@
 
 uint64_t tid = 1;
 
-thread_t *new_thread(void (*func)(void))
+thread_t *new_thread(void (*func)(void), int user)
 {
   // Set up original stack of thread
   thread_stack_t *stack = kcalloc(1, sizeof(thread_stack_t));
   thread_t *th = &stack->tcb;
 
   stack->thread = (uint64_t)th;
-  stack->function_address = (uint64_t)isr_return;
   stack->RBP = (uint64_t)&stack->zero_frame;
 
-  th->r.rip = (uint64_t)func;
   th->r.rflags = RFLAGS_IF;
-  th->r.cs = 0x8;
+  if(user)
-  th->r.ss = 0x10;
+  {
-  th->r.rsp = (uint64_t)&th->stack_pointer;
+    stack->function_address = (uint64_t)isr_return;
+    th->r.rip = (uint64_t)func;
+    th->r.cs = SEG_UCODE|3;
+    th->r.ss = SEG_UDATA|3;
+    th->r.rflags |= RFLAGS_IOPL3;
+    th->r.rsp = USERSPACE_TOP;
+  } else {
+    stack->function_address = (uint64_t)func;
+    th->r.cs = SEG_KCODE;
+    th->r.ss = SEG_KDATA;
+    th->r.rsp = (uint64_t)&th->stack_pointer;
+  }
 
   th->tid = tid++;
   th->state = THREAD_STATE_READY;
@@ -37,6 +46,8 @@ thread_t *new_thread(void (*func)(void))
 void switch_thread(thread_t *old, thread_t *new)
 {
   set_current_thread(new);
+  get_cpu()->tss.rsp0 = (uint64_t)&new->stack_pointer;
+  get_cpu()->kernel_stack = &new->stack_pointer;
 
   uint64_t *old_stack = (old)?&old->stack_pointer:0;
   swtch(old_stack, &new->stack_pointer);